| 地球科学是指一切研究地球的科学，是行星科学的专门分支。 |
Earth Science or Geoscience refers to all fields of natural sciences that study the planet Earth and is considered to be a specialised branch of Planetary science. |
| 各学科通常会以物理、地理、地质、气象、数学、化学、生物的角度研究地球。 |
Typically, various disciplines will study planet Earth from the perspective of physics, geography, geology, meteorology, mathematics, chemistry and biology. |
| 它和人类的生活息息相关，人们手上所戴的黄金饰品和钻石，都是来自地球的矿产资源；盖房子所用的砂、石、水泥，其原料也是来自地球；所吃的鱼虾，大都取自海洋；气温的变化影响生活甚巨；天体的运行，也时时刻刻影响着我们。 |
It is closely related to human life. The gold jewellery and diamonds worn by people are all minerals from the Earth; the sand, stone, and cement, among other raw materials used to build houses also come from the earth; the fish and shrimps people eat are mostly taken from the ocean. Changes in temperature affect life enormously; the movement of celestial bodies also constantly affects us. |
| 因此，地球科学是一门很基础、很重要的的学科。 |
Therefore, Earth Science is a very basic and important discipline. |
| 地球科學的範圍很廣，涵蓋地質學、海洋學、氣象學和天文學等領域。 |
Earth Science has a very wide scope, covering fields like geology, oceanography, meteorology and astronomy. |
| 地質學在探討地球的歷史與各部分組成，包括其演化和各種礦學、岩石以及礦產的分布；海洋學在研究海水的運動、海水的物理與化學性質及海底地形；氣象學在分析大氣的組成、構造和運動；而有關地球起源、太陽系的形成和天體的運動變化，乃至宇宙的演化，均屬天文學的研究範圍。 |
Geology explores the history and composition of planet Earth, including its evolution and mineralogy, and the distribution of minerals and rocks; oceanography studies the movement of seawater, the physical and chemical properties of seawater and the topography of the seafloor; meteorology analyses the composition, structure and movement of the atmosphere; the origin of the Earth, the formation of the solar system, the movement of celestial bodies; and even the evolution of the universe are all within the scope of astronomy. |
| 以隕石撞擊地球為例：高溫高壓撞擊地球的結果，勢必引起地形與地質的變化；飛揚在大氣中的粉塵微粒會遮蔽陽光，大氣和海水溫度因而降低。 |
Take the impact of meteorites on Earth as an example: The effect of high temperatures and pressures on Earth from the meteorites impact will inevitably cause changes in the topography and geology; dust particles that fly into the atmosphere will block out the sun, and the temperature of the atmosphere and seawater will thus decrease. |
| 因此，看似簡單的天文事件，卻引起地質、氣象和海洋的變化，可見各領域關係密切、環環相扣。 |
Therefore, seemingly simple astronomical events give rise to changes in geology, meteorology and oceanography. This shows that these fields are all closely related and interlinked. |
