| 地球科学是指一切研究地球的科学，是行星科学的专门分支。 |
Earth Science refers to any science that studies the Earth. It is a specialized branch of Planetary Science. |
| 各学科通常会以物理、地理、地质、气象、数学、化学、生物的角度研究地球。 |
The Earth is studied in a variety of subject matters, including physics, geography, geology, meteorology, mathematics, chemistry, and biology. |
| 它和人类的生活息息相关，人们手上所戴的黄金饰品和钻石，都是来自地球的矿产资源；盖房子所用的砂、石、水泥，其原料也是来自地球；所吃的鱼虾，大都取自海洋；气温的变化影响生活甚巨；天体的运行，也时时刻刻影响着我们。 |
It is closely related to all aspects of the human life. Jewelleries such as gold and diamond are all made from Earth's minerals. Sand, stones, and cement, used to build our houses, are also sourced from the Earth. The majority of the fishing industry relies on the ocean. People's lives are greatly affected by temperature fluctuations. The movement of celestial bodies also affects us all the time. |
| 因此，地球科学是一门很基础、很重要的的学科。 |
Therefore, Earth Science is very basic but also highly important. |
| 地球科學的範圍很廣，涵蓋地質學、海洋學、氣象學和天文學等領域。 |
Earth Science is a generalized scientific subject. It includes geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy. |
| 地質學在探討地球的歷史與各部分組成，包括其演化和各種礦學、岩石以及礦產的分布；海洋學在研究海水的運動、海水的物理與化學性質及海底地形；氣象學在分析大氣的組成、構造和運動；而有關地球起源、太陽系的形成和天體的運動變化，乃至宇宙的演化，均屬天文學的研究範圍。 |
Geology discusses the Earth's history and components, including its development, mineralogy, rocks, and the distribution of minerals. Oceanography examines the movement and the physical and chemical properties of seawater, as well as the topography of the seabed. Meteorology analyzes the components, structure, and movement of the air. Astronomy studies the origins of the Earth and the Solar system, the movement of celestial bodies, and even the evolution of the universe. |
| 以隕石撞擊地球為例：高溫高壓撞擊地球的結果，勢必引起地形與地質的變化；飛揚在大氣中的粉塵微粒會遮蔽陽光，大氣和海水溫度因而降低。 |
For example, a meteorite collides with the Earth. The high temperature and high pressure generated by the collision transform both the topography and the geology. Dust particles floating in the air block out the sun, resulting in a lower temperature in the atmosphere, as well as in the seawater. |
| 因此，看似簡單的天文事件，卻引起地質、氣象和海洋的變化，可見各領域關係密切、環環相扣。 |
Therefore, great changes in Earth's geology, climate, and oceans can result from a seemingly simple astronomical event. The reality is, all the various subject matters are very closely related. |
