Perfil de traductor: Jianjun Zhang (chinesetranslator)

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Certified in 2003 by NAETI and with a master's degree in intercutural communication, for the past 21 years, I have worked closely with clients around the world to adapt and re-deliver their messages to the Chinese-speaking markets. Feel free to contact me for trusted long-term cooperation.

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Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”
Business (or Strategic) management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.	业务（或战略）管理是制订、实施和评估跨职能决策的艺术、科学和技巧，使组织能够实现其长期目标。
It is the process of specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs.	这是一个过程，具体而言是指明确组织使命、愿景和目标，制订政策和计划（一般是以项目和方案的形式），以实现这些目标。然后分配资源来实施这些政策、计划、项目和方案。
Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of the various functional areas of a business in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.	战略管理旨在协调和整合企业各职能领域的活动，以实现长期组织目标。
A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives.	平衡记分卡通常用于评估企业整体绩效及其为实现目标所取得的进展。
Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity.	战略管理是管理活动的最高层次。
Strategies are typically planned, crafted or guided by the Chief Executive Officer, approved or authorized by the Board of directors, and then implemented under the supervision of the organization's top management team or senior executives.	一般来说，战略由首席执行官规划、制订或指导，并经董事会批准或授权，然后在组织的高级管理团队或资深执行官的监督下实施。
Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies.	战略管理为企业提供总的方向，并与组织研究领域紧密相关。
In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency".	在工商管理领域，讨论组织及其环境之间的“战略统一性”或“战略一致性”是非常有用的。
According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context."	根据 Arieu (2007) 的说法，“当组织的行动与管理层的期望一致，而管理层的期望又与市场和环境一致时，就会实现战略一致性。”

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21 años.

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2011 MA/MS en University of Bedfordshire

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Jianjun Zhang

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