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Moje dokumenty
Przykładowe tłumaczenie Other
Other Przykładowe tłumaczenie
| Tekst źródłowy (English) | Tekst docelowy (Serbian) |
|---|---|
| Orienteering race analysis: personal orienteering style and mental models | Analiza orijentiring trke: lični stil u orijentiringu i mentalni modeli |
| Basic skills | Osnovne veštine |
| Map reading | Čitanje mape |
| Map reading / interpretation: How successful was I in reading / interpreting the map? | Čitanje/tumačenje mape: Koliko sam bio/la uspešan/na u čitanju/tumačenju mape? |
| Any difficulties? | Da li je bilo nekih poteškoća? |
| Contours: Was I able to form a mental map of the terrain features based on the map? | Izohipse: da li sam mogao/la da stvorim sliku terena predstavljenog na mapi? |
| In any difficulties, in what kind of detail? | Ako su postojale poteškoće, kod koje vrste detalja terena? |
| What was most difficult to understand in the map? | Šta mi je bilo najteže da shvatim na mapi? |
| Essential features / simplification: Did I find the essential on the map or was a reading too much (orienteering point to point)? | Osnovne karakteristike/uprošćavanje: da li sam našao/la bitne karakteristike na mapi, ili sam previše čitao kartu (orijentacija od tačke do tačke)? |
| Route choice: Did I manage to choose the best routes for my skill and ability based on this map? | Izbor putanje: Da li sam izabrao/la najbolju putanju za ovu mapu, s obzirom na svoje veštine i mogućnosti? |
| Compass use | Upotreba kompasa |
| Precise bearing: If there were controls that needed compass bearing to take, how did this (and pacing succeed)? | Precizna orijentacija: ukoliko su postojale kontrole koje su zahtevale držanje pravca pomoću kompasa, koliko je to bilo uspešno (kao i brzina trčanja)? |
| Did I hit the control straight or did I drift left/right? | Da li sam odmah našao/la kontrolu, ili sam otišao/la ulevo/udesno? |
| General bearing: How did I manage to maintain correct bearing on the legs with little / too much to read? | Opšta orijentacija: kako sam uspeo/la da održim ispravan pravac u trkama, sa malo/previše čitanja karte? |
| Orienteering technique (mental models) | Orijentiring tehnika (mentalni modeli) |
| Planning | Planiranje |
| Did I make a plan on EACH leg? | Da li sam napravio/la plan za SVAKU trku? |
| When did I plan the leg? | Kada sam isplanirao/la trku? |
| What was the content of the leg plan? | U čemu se sastojao plan trke? |
| Did the plan include the whole leg? | Da li je planom bila obuhvaćena cela trka? |
| Was the plan just a route choice or did I include the essential features? | Da li je plan predstavljao samo izbor puta, ili je obuhvatao i bitne karakteristike? |
| If essential features were included, were they only en route or also beside it (”railings)? | Ako su bile obuhvaćene i bitne karakteristike, da li se to odnosilo samo na stazu ili i na teren pored staze („vođice”)? |
| Did I take into account control taking (attack point, enlargement, visibility) | Da li sam razmotrio/la napadanje kontrole (napadnu tačku, uvećanje, vidljivost) |
| Legs | Trke |
| Did I manage to stay on the intended route? | Da li sam uspeo/la da ostanem na nameravanom putu? |
| – Draw on your race map both the route ran and the planned route (e.g. dotted line) if it was different | – Nacrtajte na mapi trke putanju kojom ste trčali i planiranu putanju (npr. tačkastom linijom) ako se te dve putanje razlikuju |
| Observation: draw (e.g. with a pencil) arrows from your route to what you saw | Primedba: nacrtajte (npr. olovkom) strelice od Vaše putanje do onoga što ste videli |
| Did I observe sufficiently far ahead and aside (or behind) or only features close to where I was? | Da li sam gledao/la dovoljno daleko unapred i sa strane (ili pozadi), ili samo karakteristike blizu mesta gde se nalazim? |
| Were the observation expected (map-terrain) or unexpected (terrain-map)? | Da li su opažanja očekivana (mapa-teren) ili neočekivana (teren-mapa)? |
| ”Traffic lights”: How did I manage to regulate my running speed? | „Semafor”: kako sam uspeo/la da uskladim brzinu trčanja? |
| Was I trying to run too fast in relation to my condition and orienteering skill? | Da li sam pokušavao/la da trčim previše brzo u odnosu na svoju kondiciju i veštinu orijentacije? |
| ”Future orientation”: Did I manage to think ahead or were my legs faster than my head... | „Buduća orijentacija”: da li sam uspevao/la da razmišljam unapred, ili su mi noge bile brže od glave… |
| ”Fluency” of my orienteering: draw a cross-line on your route on the map in the places where you had to stop. | „Tečnost” sa kojom sam se orijentisao/la: nacrtajte krst na mestima na stazi gde ste morali da se zaustavite. |
| Why did you stop? | Zašto ste se zaustavili? |
| Use of compass: Where did I use the compass and in what purpose (orienting the map, compass bearing)? | Upotreba kompasa: gde sam koristio/la kompas, i u koje svrhe (oseveravanje mape, držanje pravca pomoću kompasa)? |
| How did I manage to coordinate compass use and map reading? | Kako sam uspevao/la da uskladim upotrebu kompasa i čitanje mape? |
| Difficulties: Where and what type of controls? | Poteškoće: gde su se pojavile, kod kog tipa kontrola? |
| Why? | Zašto? |
Przykładowe tłumaczenie Science
Science Przykładowe tłumaczenie
| Tekst źródłowy (English) | Tekst docelowy (Serbian) |
|---|---|
| Direct electrochemical detection of toxic metals in biological samples | Direktno određivanje toksičnih metala u biološkim uzorcima elektrohemijskom metodom |
| Determining actual human exposure to toxic metals through measurement of biological samples is crucial for clinical and epidemiology studies. | Određivanje stvarne izloženosti ljudi toksičnim metalima putem merenja bioloških uzoraka je od suštinske važnosti za kliničke i epidemiološke studije. |
| For example, long-term human exposure to arsenic can cause several health problems including skin damage, circulatory disorders, and various cancers. | Na primer, dugotrajna izloženost arsenu može da prouzrokuje više zdravstvenih problema kod ljudi, uključujući oštećenja kože, poremećaj cirkulacije, kao i različite oblike kancera. |
| Cadmium is another important metal to monitor as it is considered highly toxic even at trace levels. | Još jedan metal koga treba pratiti je kadmijum, jer se smatra izuzetno toksičnim čak i kada se nalazi u tragovima. |
| A reliable, handheld metal sensor is much needed by epidemiological researchers and health care specialists to facilitate public health monitoring as well as to aid research studies on personal exposure. | Epidemiolozima i zdravstvenim radnicima bio bi veoma potreban pouzdan ručni metalni senzor, koji bi olakšao praćenje javnog zdravlja i bio od koristi u istraživačkim studijama o izloženosti toksinima. |
| Current analytical methods suffer from lengthy and costly sample turnaround times as well as the requirements for specialized staff and equipment. | Nedostatak postojećih analitičkih metoda predstavlja dugotrajna i skupa priprema uzorka, kao i zahtevi za stručnim osobljem i specijalnom opremom. |
| Moreover, these methods often fail to provide accurate results in the presence of biologically relevant samples such as urine or blood. | Osim toga, te metode često ne daju tačne rezultate u prisustvu bitnih bioloških uzoraka, kao što su urin ili krv. |
| Giner, Inc. | Kompanija Giner, Inc. |
| (Giner) has employed the use of specialty Boron-Doped Diamond (BDD) electrodes combined with a highly sensitive and selective voltammetry techniques to develop an electrochemical sensor for real-time measurement of trace levels of toxic metals in urine. | (Giner) spojila je upotrebu specijalnih elektroda izrađenih od dijamanta sa primesama bora (Boron-Doped Diamond, BDD) sa visokoosetljivom i selektivnom voltametrijskom tehnikom, i tako razvila elektrohemijski senzor za brzo određivanje tragova toksičnih metala u urinu. |
| For example, with specially configured BDD arrays, cadmium concentrations of less than 1 part per billion (ppb) were measured even in the presence of other metals such as sodium, potassium, lead, zinc and copper. | Na primer, sa specijalno podešenim BDD mogu da se izmere koncentracije kadmijuma manje od 1 ppb, čak i u prisustvu drugih metala, kao što su natrijum, kalijum, olovo, cink i bakar. |
| In another example, a customized detection algorithm was developed to simultaneously determine individual arsenic species (both inorganic and organic) at levels less than 5 ppb. | U drugom primeru je razvijen odgovarajući algoritam za detekciju, kako bi se istovremeno odredile različite forme arsena (neorganskog i organskog) u koncentracijama manjim od 5 ppb. |
| This is a direct electrochemical detection method from a single 2 mL urine sample that yields speciation of arsenic in less than 30 minutes without application of any chemical separation or processing steps. | To je direktan metod za elektrohemijsku detekciju iz pojedinačnog uzorka urina zapremine 2 ml, pomoću koga se specifične forme arsena određuju za manje od 30 minuta, bez primene separacionih hemijskih metoda ili posebne obrade. |
| While the intended application for this sensor is to measure urinary metals to assess personal exposure, Giner is also exploring alternative applications for this technology such as quality control in pharmaceutical manufacturing, wastewater monitoring, and enviromental metal analysis for surface and groundwater. | za kontrolu kvaliteta u farmaceutskoj proizvodnji, praćenje otpadnih voda, kao i za određivanje metala u životnoj sredini, tj. |
Przykładowe tłumaczenie Science
Science Przykładowe tłumaczenie
| Tekst źródłowy (English) | Tekst docelowy (Serbian) |
|---|---|
| U toku ovog rada ostvarena je stereospecifična sinteza metil α-D-liksopiranozida 9 iz D-ksiloze. | In this work, the stereospecific synthesis of methyl α-D-lyxopyranoside 9 from D-xylose has been achieved. |
| Višefaznim hemijskim transformacijama glikozida 9 sintetisan je tiošećer 1,2:3,5-tetra-O-acetil-4-tio-β-L-ribofuranoza (14), koji je reakcijom sa modifikovanim pirimidinskim bazama sa fluoridnom izosternom funkcijom konvertovan u nove analoge prirodnih nukleozida 3-(4’-tio-L-ribofuranozil)-5-fluorouracil (17) i 3-(4’-tio-L-ribofuranozil)-5-fluorocitozin (20). | By multistep chemical transformations of the glycoside 9, the thiosugar 1,2:3,5-tetra-O-acetyl-4-thio-β-L-ribofuranose (14) has been synthesized. |
| Kondenzacijom D-ksiloze sa cikloheksanonom u etru sintetizovana je 1,2:3,5-di-O-cikloheksiliden- α-D-ksilofuranoza (1). | By condensation of D-xylose with cycloxexanone in ether, 1,2:3,5-di-O-cyclohexylidene-α-D-xylofuranose (1) was synthesized. |
| Parcijalnom hidrolizom jedinjenja 1 dobijena je 1,2-O-cikloheksiliden-α-D-ksilofuranoza (2), koja u reakciji sa benzil hloridom daje 3,5-di-O-benzil-1,2-O-cikloheksiliden-α-D-ksilofuranozu (3). | By partial hydrolysis of 1, 1,2-O-cyclohexylidene-α-D-xylofuranose (2) was obtained, which in the reaction with benzyl chloride gave 3,5-di-O-benzyl-1,2-O-cyclohexylidene-α-D-xylofuranose (3). |
| Uklanjanjem cikloheksilidenske zaštitne funkcije iz jedinjenja 3 sintetizovana je 3,5-di-O-benzil-D-ksiloza (4). | Removal of cyclohexylidene protective group from 3 gave 3,5-di-O-benzyl-D-xylose (4). |
| Reakcijom jedinjenja 4 sa metansulfonilhloridom dobijena je 3,5-di-O-benzil-2-O-metansulfonil-D-ksilofuranoza (5). | In the reaction with methanesulfonyl chloride, 4 was converted to 3,5-di-O-benzyl-2-O-methanesulfonyl-D-xylofuranose (5). |
| Dejstvom natrijum metoksida na jedinjenje 5 sintetizovan je metil 3,5-di-O-benzil α-D-liksofuranozid (7) kao jedini stereoizomer. | 5 reacted with sodium methoxyde to give methyl 3,5-di-O-benzyl α-D-lyxofuranoside (7) as the only stereoisomer. |
| Katalitičkim hidrogenovanjem jedinjenja 7 dobijen je metil α-D-liksofuranozid (8), čijom izomerizacijom je dobijen metil α-D-liksopiranozid (9) kao jedini stereoizomer. | By catalytic hydrogenation of 7, methyl α-D-lyxofuranoside (8) was obtained, which by isomerization gave methyl α-D-lyxopyranoside (9) as the only stereoisomer. |
| Glikozid 9 sa 2,2-dimetoksipropanom daje izopropilidenski derivat 10. | Glycoside 9 in the reaction with 2,2-dimethoxypropane produced the isopropylidene derivative 10. |
| Reakcijom jedinjenja 10 sa anhidridom trifluorometanske kiseline nastaje nestabilni 4-O-triflatni estar 11, koji je odmah tretiran kalijum tioacetatom i preveden u stabilni metil 4-S-acetil-2,3-O-izopropiliden-4-tio-β-L-ribopiranozid (12). | Reaction of 10 with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride produced the unstable 4-O-triflic ester 11, which was immediately treated with potassium thioacetate and converted into the stable methyl 4-S-acetyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-4-thio-β-L-ribopyranoside (12). |
| Hidrolizom izopropilidenske zaštitne funkcije u jedinjenju 12 dobijena je smeša očekivanog metil 4-S-acetil-4-tio-β-L-ribopiranozida (13) i metil 3-O-acetil-4-tio-β-L-ribopiranozida (13a), koji je sporedni proizvod. | Hydrolysis of isopropylidene protecting function of 12 gave the mixture of the expected methyl 4-S-acetyl-4-thio-β-L-ribopyranoside (13) and methyl 3-O-acetyl-4-thio-β-L-ribopyranoside (13a), as the by-product. |
| Smeša izomernih acetil derivata 13 i 13a je bez razdvajanja podvrgnuta acetolizi, i dobijena je kristalna 1,2,3,5-tetra-O-acetil-4-tio-β-L-ribofuranoza (14) kao jedini stereoizomer. | By acetolysis of the mixture of isomeric acetyl derivatives 13 and 13a, crystalline 1,2,3,5-tetra-O-acetyl-4-thio-β-L-ribofuranose (14) was obtained, as the only stereoisomer. |
| Siliranjem 5-fluorouracila dobijen je trimetilsilil derivat 15, koji je zatim kondenzovan sa tiošećerom 14 u prisustvu trimetilsilil triflata, pri čemu je dobijena smeša α i β anomera 3-(2’,3’,5’-tri-O-acetil-4’-tio-L-ribofuranozil)-5-fluorouracila (16) u međusobnom odnosu 2:11. | 5-fluorouracyl was converted to its trimethylsilyl derivative (15), which was subsequently condensed with thiosugar 14 in the presence of trimethylsilyl triflate, and the mixture of α and β anomers of 3-(2’,3’,5’-tri-O-acetyl-4’-thio-L-ribofuranosyl)-5-fluorouracyl (16) was obtained (α/β=2:11). |
| Deprotekcijom anomerne smeše 16 dobijen je slobodni nukleozid 3-(4’-tio-L-ribofuranozil)-5-fluorouracil (17) kao smeša α i β anomera u odnosu 1:6. | By deprotection of anomeric mixture 16, nucleoside 3-(4’-thio-L-ribofuranosyl)-5-fluorouracyl (17) was obtained, as the mixture of α and β anomers (α/β=1:6). |
| Polazeći od siliranog derivate 5-fluorocitozina 18 i tiošećera 14, na analogan način je sintetizovan 3-(2’,3’,5’-tri-O-acetil-4’-tio-L-ribofuranozil)-5-fluorocitozin (19) kao jedini stereoizomer kad je rađeno na maloj skali, dok je pri radu na većoj skali dobijena smeša α i β anomera u odnosu 1:10. | Analogously, in the reaction of silylated derivative of 5-fluorocytosine 18 with thiosugar 14, 3-(2’,3’,5’-tri-O-acetyl-4’-thio-L-ribofuranosyl)-5-fluorocytosine (19) was synthesized, as the only stereoisomer on the small scale, while on larger scale a mixture of anomers (α/β=1:10) was obtained. |
| Deacetilovanjem smeše 19 dobijen je 3-(4’-tio-L-ribofuranozil)-5-fluorocitozin (20) kao smeša α i β anomera u odnosu 1:10. | By deacetylation of mixture 19, 3-(4’-thio-L-ribofuranosyl)-5-fluorocytosine (20) was synthesized, as the anomeric mixture (α/β=1:10) |
Przykładowe tłumaczenie Tech/Engineering
Tech/Engineering Przykładowe tłumaczenie
| Tekst źródłowy (German) | Tekst docelowy (Serbian) |
|---|---|
| Wie funktionieren die einzelnen teile einer HPLC-Anlage | Kako funkcionišu pojedini delovi HPLC aparata |
| Pumpe | Pumpa |
| Der Eluent (mobile Phase, Laufmittel) wird aus einem Vorratsgefäβ angesaugt und gelangt durch ein Einlassventil in den Kolbenraum der Pumpe. | Sredstvo za ispiranje (mobilna faza, eluent) usisava se iz suda koji se nalazi pored aparata, i kroz ulazni ventil ulazi u komoru klipa. |
| Der Kolben komprimiert den Eluenten und drückt ihn durch das Auslassventil in den Teil der HPLC Anlage, die den Injektor, die Säule und den Detektor enthält. | Klip sabija mobilnu fazu i potiskuje je kroz ispusni ventil u deo uređaja koji se sastoji od injektora, kolone i detektora. |
| Eine Pumpe enthält oft zwei Kolben (Doppelkolbenpumpe). | Pumpa često ima dva klipa (dvoklipna pumpa) |
| Während der eine das Laufmittel ansaugt, drückt der zweite Kolben das zuvor angesaugte Laufmittel durch das Auslassventil in die HPLC Anlage | Dok jedan klip usisava mobilnu fazu, drugi potiskuje već usisanu mobilnu fazu kroz ispusni ventil u HPLC uređaj. |
| Dieser Vorgang wird mittels modernster Mechanik und Elektronik exakt gesteuert, so dass ein konstanter Fluss möglichst ohne Druckschwankungen gewährleistet wird. | Ovaj proces se precizno kontroliše uz pomoć najmodernije mehanike i elektronike, što omogućava konstantan protok bez varijacija pritiska. |
| Vor Verlassen der Pumpe wird das Laufmittel noch durch einen Druckaufnehmer geleitet. | Mobilna faza pre izlaska iz pumpe još prolazi kroz merač pritiska. |
| Dort wird der Druck gemessen. | Tu se pritisak meri. |
| Der Druckbereich variiert je nach Säule und eingesetztem Laufmittel von ca. 50 bis ca. 350 bar (70 bar = 1000 psi, bei der UHPLC –Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography sind Drücke bis ca. 1400 bar möglich). | Opseg pritiska varira u zavisnosti od kolone i mobilne faze koja se koristi, u rasponu od oko 50 bara do oko 350 bara (70 bar = 1000 psi kada je u pitanju UPLC – Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography – mogući su pritisci i do 1400 bar). |
| Dieser Druck sollte bei Betrieb im Auge behalten/aufgezeichnet werden, da durch ihn indirekte Verstopfungen, Flussschwankungen oder Leckagen erkannt werden können. | U toku rada treba paziti na pritisak, jer on indirektno može da ukaže na začepljenje, varijacije protoka i curenje. |
| Injektor | Injektor |
| Mittels des injektors wird die Probe in die HPLC-Anlage eingebracht. | Pomoću injektora se uzorak ubacuje u HPLC aparat. |
| Er befindet sich im Eluentenstrom direct hinter der Pumpe. | On se nalazi u struji mobilne faze, odmah iza pumpe. |
| Die Probe muss dabei mit “Normaldruck” in den Druckbereich der Anlage gebracht werden. | Pri tome uzorak koji je na ″normalnom″ pritisku mora da se unese u uređaj koji je pod pritiskom. |
| Der am häufigsten eingesetzte Handinjektor ist das sogenannte Rheodyneventil. | Najčešće primenjivani ručni injektor je takozvani Rheodyne ventil. |
| Es ist im Prinzip ein Sechswegeventil. | To je, u suštini, šestokraki ventil. |
| An zwei Einlässen ist eine Schleife eingebracht. | Na dva ulaza se nalazi petlja. |
| Sie kann zum einem eine fest definierte Menge (meist 10 oder 20 µl) fassen und wird mit der probe überfüllt, oder man gibt mit einer exakten Spritze definierte Probenvolumina in die Schleife. | Ona može odjednom da primi tačno definisanu zapreminu (obično 10 ili 20 μl), i prepuni se uzorkom, ili se pomoću preciznog šprica u petlju unese tačno definisana zapremina uzorka. |
| Durch umlegen eines Hebels wird der Eluentenstrom durch die Aufgabeschleife geleitet und spüllt so die Probe auf die Säule. | Struja mobilne faze se okretanjem ručice usmeri kroz petlju, i tako se uzorak spira na kolonu. |
| Bei einem Autoinjektor (Autosampler, Probengeber) ist dieser Vorgang automatisiert. | Kod autoinjektora (autosamplera) ovaj postupak je automatizovan. |
| Wie das genau geschieht, unterscheidet sich recht häufig von Hersteller zu Hersteller. | Kako to obično biva, obično se razlikuje od proizvođača do proizvođača |
Przykładowe tłumaczenie Science
Science Przykładowe tłumaczenie
| Tekst źródłowy (English) | Tekst docelowy (Serbian) |
|---|---|
| DOBROBITI ZA FIZIČKE SPOSOBNOSTI | POSITIVE EFFECTS ON PHYSICAL ABILITIES |
| Iako žene ispoljavaju manju snagu od muškaraca, adaptacija na trening snage kod žena se ne razlikuje od muškaraca, zbog čega ne postoji nijedan razlog da žene sportistkinje ne primenjuju iste trenažne metode kao i muškarci. | Although women exhibit less strength than men, adaptation to strength training in women is not different than in men, so there is no reason for the female athletes not to apply the same training methods as men. |
| Tokom treninga snage potrebno je aktivirati sva dostupna mišićna vlakna, što zahteva veće opterećenje, upotrebu određenih tehnika bodibildinga, da bi se razvila hipertrofija potrebna za određene grupe mišića i stimulisao fizički razvoj celokupne muskulature. | During strength training, it is necessary to activate all available muscle fibers, and that requires higher intensity, the use of certain bodybuilding techniques, in order to develop hypertrophy necessary for specific muscle groups, and to stimulate physical development of the entire muscular system. |
| Generalno, istraživanja pokazuju da kod žena češće dolazi do nekih povreda, na pr. | In general, research shows that ankle distortion, patellar dislocation, distortions and contusions of shoulder, elbow, fingers and knee, as well as injuries of hamstring muscles of thigh are most common among women. |
| Smatra se da je „labavost” zglobova uzrok povreda u 40 % slučajeva. | It is believed that the „laxity” of joints is the cause of injury in 40% of cases. |
| Pliometrijski trening ima značajan uticaj na prevenciju povrede kolena (prednje ukrštene veze), za koju se smatra da je česta u sportu kod žena. | Plyometric training has a significant impact on the prevention of knee injury (anterior cruciate ligament), considered to be common in women's sport. |
English to Serbian Sport
- positive effects of sport and physical activity on well-being of women irina juhas
- science
- sports / fitness / recreation
Moje doświadczenie
Doświadczenie
3 lat(a).
Wykształcenie
- 2000 MA/MS w University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
Członkostwo
- Certified ProZ Network (Dołączył(a): 2016)
Serbia
dostępny/a Dzisiaj
December 2024
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