| Atoms, the smallest particles of matter that retain the properties of the matter, are made of protons, electrons, and neutrons. |
Atomet, grimcat me te vogla te materies, te cilat permbajne vetite e materies, jane te ndertuara nga protonet, elektronet dhe neutronet. |
| Protons have a positive charge, Electrons have a negative charge that cancels the proton's positive charge. |
Protonet kane ngarkese pozitive, Elektronet kane ngarkese negative e cila i kunderpergjigjet ngarkeses pozitive te protoneve. |
| Neutrons are particles that are similar to a proton but have a neutral charge. |
Neutronet jane grimca te ngjashme me protonet por me ngarkese neutrale. |
| There are no differences between positive and negative charges except that particles with the same charge repel each other and particles with opposite charges attract each other. |
Nuk ka asnje diference mes ngarkesave negative apo pozitive, pervec faktit qe grimcat me te njejten ngarkese e shtyjne njera-tjetren dhe grimcat me ngarkese te kundert e terheqin njera-tjetren |
| If a solitary positive proton and negative electron are placed near each other they will come together to form a hydrogen atom. |
Nese nje proton me ngarkese pozitive dhe nje elektron me ngarkese negative, vendosen prane njeri-tjetrit, ata do te afrohen dhe do te formojne nje atom hidrogeni. |
| This repulsion and attraction (force between stationary charged particles) is known as the Electrostatic Force and extends theoretically to infinity, but is diluted as the distance between particles increases. |
Kjo force shtytje dhe terheqje (forca mes grimcave te ngarkuara, te palevizshme) njihet si Forca Elektrostatike dhe teorikisht ka shtrirje infinite, por dobesohet kur distanca mes grimcave rritet. |
| When an atom has one or more missing electrons it is left with a positive charge, and when an atom has at least one extra electron it has a negative charge. |
Kur nje atomi i mungojne nje ose me shume elektrone, ai ka ngarkese pozitive, dhe kur nje atom ka nje ose me shume elektrone shtese, atehere ka ngarkese negative. |
| Having a positive or a negative charge makes an atom an ion. |
Atomi i cili ka ngarkese pozitive apo negative quhet Jon. |
| Atoms only gain and lose protons and neutrons through fusion, fission, and radioactive decay. |
Atomet, fitojne ose humbin protone dhe neutrone permes bashkimit berthamor, ndarjes berthamore dhe zberthimit radioaktiv. |
| Although atoms are made of many particles and objects are made of many atoms, they behave similarly to charged particles in terms of how they repel and attract. |
Megjithese atomet perbehen nga shume grimca dhe objektet perbehen nga shume atome, ato sillen njelloj si grimcat e ngarkuara, ne termat e shtytjes dhe terheqjes. |
| In an atom the protons and neutrons combine to form a tightly bound nucleus. |
Ne nje atom, protonet dhe neutronet kombinohen per te formuar berthamen. |
| This nucleus is surrounded by a vast cloud of electrons circling it at a distance but held near the protons by electromagnetic attraction (the electrostatic force discussed earlier). |
Berthama rrethohet nga nje rre e madhe elektronesh qe rrotullohen rreth saj ne distance, por qe mbahen prane protoneve nga terheqja elektromagnetike (forca elektrostatike qe u permend me heret) |
| The cloud exists as a series of overlapping shells / bands in which the inner valence bands are filled with electrons and are tightly bound to the atom. |
Reja ekziston si nje seri guackash/ brezash te mbivendosura, tek e cila brezat e brendshem te valences jane te mbushura me elektrone dhe qendrojne te lidhur ngushte me atomin. |
| The outer conduction bands contain no electrons except those that have accelerated to the conduction bands by gaining energy. |
Brezat e jashtem te percimit nuk permbajne elektrone pervec atyre qe kane pershpejtuar drejt brezave te percimit duke fituar energji. |
| With enough energy an electron will escape an atom (compare with the escape velocity of a space rocket). |
Nese nje elektron ka energji te mjaftueshme, do i shkeputet nje atomi (si ta krahasosh me shpejtesine e shkeputjes te nje rakete) |
| When an electron in the conduction band decelerates and falls to another conduction band or the valence band a photon is emitted. |
Kur nje elektron ne brezin e percimit ul shpejtesine dhe bie ne nje brez tjeter te perçimit ose ne brezin e valences, emetohet nje foton. |
| This is known as the photoelectric effect. |
Ky njihet si efekti fotoelektrik. |
