| What is “governance”? |
Menene "shugabanci? |
| The term governance often gives rise to confusion because it is (erroneously) assumed that it must refer solely to acts or duties of the government. |
Kalmar shugabanci tana kawo rikicewa sau da yawa, saboda ana (kuskunta) a zaton cewa dole ne ta nufa da ayyukan ko kuma wajiban gwamnati.
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| Of course, governments do play an important role in many kinds of governance. |
Tabbas, gwamnatoci suna taka rawa mai muhimmanci a irin shugabanci da yawa. |
| However, in fact, the concept is far broader, and extends beyond merely the State. |
Koyaya, a gaskiya, ra'ayin ya faɗaɗa sosai, kuma ya wuce gwamnatin ƙasa. |
| For example, we have seen increasing reference recently to the notion of “corporate governance”, a process that involves oversight both by the State and by a host of non-State bodies, including corporations themselves. |
A misali, mu gan karuwar kwatance game da ra'ayin "shugabancin kanfanoni", tsarin da ta kunshi kulawa ta gwamnatin ƙasa da kuma hukumomi masu zaman kansu, tare da kanfanonin da kansu. |
| Don McLean points out that the word governance derives from the Latin word “gubernare”, which refers to the action of steering a ship. |
Don McLean ya nuna cewa, kalmar shugabanci ta samo asali ta daga kalmar Latin "gubernare", wanda ke nuin ayyukan tukan jirgin ruwa. |
| This etymology suggests a broader definition for governance. |
Wannan nazarin asalin yana nuna faɗaɗen ma'anonin shugabanci.
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| One important implication of this broader view is that governance includes multiple tools and mechanisms. |
Manufa ɗaya mai mahimmanci game da wannan faɗaɗan ra'ayin shine cewa, shugabanci na tare da ayyuka da matakai da yawa.
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| Traditional law and policy are certainly among those mechanisms. |
Lalle ne doka da ka'idodin gargajiya suna cikin waɗannan tsarin.
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| However, as we shall see throughout this primer, governance can take place through many other channels. |
Koyaya, kamar yadda za mu gani a cikin wannan littafin gabatarwa na farko, ana iya gudanar daga shugabanci a hanyoyi da yawa. |
| Technology, social norms, decision-making procedures, and institutional design: all of these are as equally important in governance as law or policy. |
Fasaha, al'adun zamantakewa, hanyoyin yanke shawara, tanade-tanaden doka da ka'idojin hukuma: duk waɗannan suna da mahimmanci a cikin shugabanci kamar doka ko ka'ida. |
