170
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Term Concepts
My Work
Sample Translation Law/Patents
Law/Patents Sample Translation
| Source (Spanish) | Target (English) |
|---|---|
| Teoría de la imputación objetiva. | The Theory of Criminal Negligence. |
| El reciente Auto de 25 de octubre de 2012, dictado por la Audiencia Provincial de Madrid, confirma el sobreseimiento de las actuaciones acordado por el Juzgado de Instrucción nº 1 de Valdemoro, al entender que no era posible imputar objetivamente a la empresa las lesiones sufridas por un trabajador, dado que fue él mismo quien causó el accidente con su actuar temerario e imprudente, omitiendo los medios de protección, información y formación proporcionados por la empresa. | In a sentence handed down on the 25th October, 2012, the Provincial Court of Madrid upheld on appeal the dismissal of a case from the Court of First Instance and Instruction 1 in Valdemoro, confirming that it was not possible to objectively attribute a worker’s injuries to the criminal negligence of the company in question. |
| martes, 15 de enero de 2013 | Tuesday, 15 January 2013 |
| El citado Auto es significativo porque recoge la posición doctrinal más moderna, que deja atrás la concepción tradicional de la causalidad sobre bases exclusivamente naturales, introduciendo consideraciones jurídicas y siguiendo las pautas marcadas por la teoría de la relevancia, es decir, que sólo el tipo penal y la finalidad de la norma correspondiente pueden decidir qué clase de vinculación entre resultado y conducta debe requerirse para que sea relevante para el Derecho Penal. | This sentence is significant as it disregards a traditional notion of negligence in favour of a purely legal understanding of the concept, reflecting a more modern legal approach. |
| De esta forma, la mera constatación de dicha causalidad natural no es suficiente para la atribución del resultado, ya que, en cuanto comprobada la misma, se requiere además verificar que | Understood thusly, a finding of mere causality is not sufficient to establish criminal negligence. |
| a) la acción del autor ha creado un peligro jurídicamente desaprobado para la producción del resultado y que | Specifically, once causality is established, it must be further proven that |
| b) el resultado producido por dicha acción es la realización del mismo peligro (jurídicamente desaprobado) creado por la acción. | 1) the actions which created the hazard resulting in the accident are specifically proscribed under the law and that |
| Nos encontramos, por tanto, ante dos condicionantes complementarios de la causalidad natural que deben concurrir simultáneamente, pues en caso contrario se eliminaría la tipicidad de la conducta y, por consiguiente, su relevancia para el Derecho penal. | 2) the accident was a direct result of those same actions. |
| Así, respecto del primer requisito, señala la resolución que nos ocupa que la creación de un peligro jurídicamente desaprobado está ausente cuando se trate de riesgos permitidos, que excluyen la tipicidad de la conducta que los crea, y próximos a estos los casos de disminución del riesgo, en los que el autor obra causalmente respecto de un resultado realmente ocurrido, pero evitando a la vez la producción de un resultado más perjudicial. | Further, cases where a hazard is only partially created by the accused are not liable to criminal sanction, nor other cases covered by the principle of trust, pursuant to which a finding of negligence cannot be made in a case where the actions causing an accident have been undertaken on the mistaken understanding that others are acting in compliance with the law. |
| Son de mencionar igualmente otros supuestos de ruptura de la imputación objetiva entre los que se pueden incluir los abarcados por el principio de confianza, conforme al cual no se imputarán objetivamente los resultados producidos por quien ha obrado confiando en que otros se mantendrán dentro de los límites del peligro permitido, así como las exclusiones motivadas por lo que doctrinalmente se denomina la prohibición de regreso, referidas a condiciones previas a las realmente causales, puestas por quien no es garante de la evitación de un resultado. | These include cases where, prior to the specific sequence of events which culminated in the accident, the general circumstances leading to the creation of an accident were established by someone other than the party directly responsible for maintaining safe work conditions and preventing accidents. |
| Por su parte, el segundo requisito, exige que el riesgo (no permitido) creado por la acción sea el que se realiza en el resultado. | It is from this second constraint on negligence that the question of multiple and competing actions contributing to an accident may arise, meaning a direct line of cause and effect must be drawn between a specific action and outcome among potentially multiple causes. |
| Es en este segundo condicionante de la imputación objetiva en el que se plantea la presencia de riesgos concurrentes para la producción del resultado, cuestión en la que habrá que estar al riesgo que decididamente lo realiza, como aquellos otros casos en los que no podrá sostenerse la realización del riesgo en el resultado cuando la víctima se expone a un peligro que proviene directamente de su propia acción, en cuyo caso el resultado producido se imputará según el principio de la ¨autopuesta en peligro¨ o ¨principio de la propia responsabilidad¨. | This condition also covers those cases where the victim exposes themselves directly to danger as a result of their own actions, in which case any accident occurring will be covered under the principles of “self-endangerment” or “personal responsibility” and not be attributable to criminal negligence. |
| En este último supuesto, se trata de establecer los casos en los que la realización del resultado es concreción del peligro causado por la conducta de la propia víctima que ha tenido una intervención decisiva en el mismo, tal y como ocurrió en el asunto analizado, en el que, conforme a los postulados indicados, se concluyó que no existían indicios bastantes de la concurrencia de los elementos que configuran el delito contra los derechos de los trabajadores, ya que en palabras del propio Auto no basta la idoneidad lesiva en abstracto de la conducta empresarial, al tratarse de un delito de peligro concreto grave, no de mera actividad, sino de resultado, al que deben aplicarse las reglas de causalidad y de imputación jurídica a efectos de establecer la existencia de relación causa-efecto entre la conducta de peligro y el resultado que provoca. | And indeed, this is what was found to have occurred in the case heard in the Provincial Court of Madrid referred to above, in which, according to the principles of criminal negligence discussed, it was concluded that there was insufficient evidence to establish a crime of criminal negligence against the workers on the part of the company. |
Sample Translation Art/Literary
Art/Literary Sample Translation
| Source (Portuguese) | Target (English) |
|---|---|
| O pobre louco | O pobre louco |
| c. | c. |
| 1914-1915 | 1914-1915 |
| Óleo s. | Óleo s. |
| cartão | cartão / Oil on cardboard |
| Catálogo de 1916 — n° 26 ? | Catálogo de / Catalogue of 1916 — n° /no. |
| Col. particular | 26 ? |
| A marginalidade dos "loucos" sempre atraiu os artistas, especialmente os vanguardistas. | Col. particular / Private collection |
| Nesta representação de um "louco" de Amarante, Amadeo emprega recursos expressivos dos anos em que fora caricaturista, mas transcende-os, sob o impacto do cubismo. | The marginality of the “mad” has always attracted artists, especially the avant-garde. |
| A resolução cromática acentua a dramaticidade do rosto que se ergue como grito silencioso. | In this representation of a “madman” in Amarante, Amadeo uses expressive resources from his years as a caricaturist, but here transcends them with cubist features. |
| Maria Arade destacava este quadro numa crítica à exposição no Porto publicada no jornal A Luta: | The chromatic resolution accentuates the drama of the face that rises like a silent cry. |
| "Entre os trabalhos expostos, figura uma cabeça, por sinal com expressão, tendo por nome «O pobre louco». | Maria Arade singles this painting out in a critique of the exhibition in Porto published in the newspaper A Luta: “Among the works on display is an expressive head called O pobre louco [The Poor Madman]. If this is not a self-portrait... it must now be a fad to call others by one’s own name!” |
| RHS /MS | RHS /MS |
Sample Translation Social Sciences
Social Sciences Sample Translation
| Source (Spanish) | Target (English) |
|---|---|
| Honorable diputada de la nación, Cristina Ruiz Sandoval, Presidenta de la Confederación Parlamentaria de las Américas de la delegación mexicana; diputada Guadalupe Mondragón, Secretaria de la Comisión de Educación Pública y Servicios Educativos de la Cámara de Diputados; señores parlamentarios presentes, Sr. | Honorable Congresswoman of the Nation, Cristina Ruiz Sandoval, President of the Mexican Delegation of the Parliamentary Confederation of the Americas; Congresswoman Guadalupe Mondragon, Secretary of the Commission for Public Education and Educational Services of the Chamber of Parliamentary Deputies; Honorable Congressmen and women present; Mr. Raul Placencia Villanueva, President of the National Commission for Human Rights; Mr. Peter Katz, holocaust survivor; The Accredited Diplomatic Corps of Mexico; Ms. Laura Bosques, daughter of Mr. Gilberto Bosques; representatives of the Jewish community; Ladies and Gentlemen, good afternoon. |
| Peter Katz, sobreviviente del Holocausto; cuerpo diplomático acreditado en México; Sra. Laura Bosques, hija de don Gilberto Bosques; representantes de la comunidad judía, señoras y señores, muy buenas tardes. | I thank you for the invitation extended to me to be present in this place to present to you today our project “Traces to Remember”, which has been conceived as a tool to inform people about, prevent abuses of and safeguard Human Rights. |
| Agradezco la invitación que me hicieron para estar en este recinto y poderles presentar nuestro proyecto “Huellas para no olvidar”, el cual ha sido diseñado como una herramienta para enseñar, prevenir y salvaguardar en materia de Derechos Humanos, y se está llevando a cabo con pleno éxito en Colombia, Panamá, Paraguay, Argentina y Chile. | The project is currently being implemented with great success in Colombia, Panama, Paraguay, Argentina and Chile. |
| El proyecto consiste en la exhibición de una placa con las huellas palmares de un sobreviviente del Holocausto y sus descendientes, como una forma de solidarizarnos con las víctimas y su sufrimiento, pues como lo expresó el Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas tras la aprobación de la Resolución 60/7, que designó el 27 de enero como el "Día Internacional de Conmemoración anual en memoria de las víctimas del Holocausto", este día es “un importante recordatorio de las enseñanzas universales del Holocausto, atrocidad sin igual que no podemos simplemente relegar al pasado y olvidar.” | As the Secretary General of the United Nations put it after the adoption of Resolution 60/7, which designated the 27th of January as the “International Day for the Annual Commemoration in Memory of the Victims of the Holocaust”, this day is “an important reminder of the universal lessons of the Holocaust, an atrocity without par that we cannot simply relegate to the past and forget”. |
Sample Translation Law/Patents
Law/Patents Sample Translation
| Source (Spanish) | Target (English) |
|---|---|
| Tercera. | |
| - Al objeto de compensar el coste del alquiler y mantenimiento de la vivienda, XXX, S.L. abonará al Sr. | Third: For the purposes of compensating the rental and maintenance costs of the residency, XXX SL will pay Mr. YYY a sum of 1,000 euros/month, tax-free, as an inherent part of the costs associated with his consultancy activities for the company. |
| Dicho importe será ingresado dentro de los cinco primeros días de cada mes en la cuenta bancaria designada al efecto. | This sum will be transferred to his designated bank account within the first five days of every month. |
| - La extinción, cualquiera que sea su causa, del contrato de arrendamiento de la vivienda que el Sr. | Fourth: The annulment, for whatever reason, of the rental contract which Mr. YYY has signed for the property, carries with it the automatic annulment of this present contract without any possibility for compensation of its effects in favor of XXX SL. |
| A tal efecto, el Sr. | To this end, Mr. YYY is obliged to notify XXX SL by means of whichever medium which guarantees its timely and successful receipt (including email) of the annulment of that rental contract with a prior notice of two months. |
Sample Translation Art/Literary
Art/Literary Sample Translation
| Source (Spanish) | Target (English) |
|---|---|
| Vuelve a insertar el billete de metro y de nuevo suena un pitido y se enciende una luz roja. | Once again he inserts the metro ticket and once again the machine beeps and a red light flashes. |
| Vuelve el error y lo vuelve a intentar; señal del daño que ha hecho la informática. | The same action and the same error – a sign of the damage computers have done. |
| La ciencia del apagar y encender hasta que funcione. | The science of turning something off and on again until it works. |
| La ciencia de no perder la es-peranza pero no hacer nada para cambiar las cosas. | The science of remaining hopeful, but not actually doing anything to rectify the situation. |
| Pero no pasa. | Again it hasn’t worked. |
| El tomo no se abre. | The turnstile remains locked shut. |
| Es en ese preciso momento cuando todos se vuelven hacia mí. | It’s at that precise moment that their faces turn to me. |
| Vuelven sus cabezas hacia el cris-tal de la taquilla, se acercan y se olvidan del saludo, solo exigen con celeridad un cambio de billete. | They turn their heads to the ticket booth, approach without bothering to say hello, and demand a new ticket immediately thank you. |
| Da igual que lleve aquí toda la mañana. | It doesn’t matter that I’ve been here the entire morning. |
| Da igual que lleve aquí todo el mediodía y toda la tarde. | It doesn’t matter that I’ve been here for the entire afternoon and evening. |
| Da igual que para comprar el billete hubiera una flamante máquina nueva que luce mucho más que el treintañero desaliñado de detrás del cristal. | It’s not important that you can actually buy your ticket from the brand new machine over there, which looks in much better shape than the scruffy thirty-something behind the glass. |
| La flamante máquina nueva no va a arreglar su situación ahora. | But the brand new machine isn’t going to sort this out immediately. |
| La flamante máquina nueva no va a pagar sus prisas. | The brand new machine isn’t going stand there and suck up your abuse just because you’re running late. |
| Porque no sirve de nada gritarle a una máquina. | Because shouting at a machine just isn’t the same. |
| Es muchísimo mejor gritar al joven con uniforme obligado, aunque sea para dejar salivazos que limpiar en el cristal. | It’s way better to yell at the young guy in his work uniform, even if it’s just to leave a few gobs of spit for him to clean off the window glass. |
| Ahora me entretengo para devolverles los billetes. | So I take my sweet time in giving them their tickets. |
| Disfruto todos y cada uno de los segundos que les retraso. | I enjoy each and every second that I hold them up. |
| Disfruto de mi momento. | I enjoy my little moment. |
| Les doy un ticket nuevo y salen corriendo. | I hand them their new ticket and they’re off. |
| Y se funden con la masa. | They melt into the crowd. |
| Y desaparecen como todos. | To disappear like they all do. |
| Vuelven a esa manada de individuos anónimos que inundan las entrañas de la ciudad y dejan pasar sus vidas por delante de mi taquilla. | They return to the herd of unknown individuals that flood the insides of the city and anonymously act out their lives in front of the ticket window. |
| Y vuelve el silencio del ruido de fondo. | The white noise in the background returns. |
| La monotonía. | The monotony. |
| La no-novedad. | The always-the-same. |
| Hasta que se le atraganta el billete a otra persona. | Until someone else loses a ticket in the turnstile. |
Sample Translation Art/Literary
Art/Literary Sample Translation
| Source (Portuguese) | Target (English) |
|---|---|
| — Cara, isso é muita doideira — Afonso disse. | ‘Mate, I think you’re coming close to losing it all together. |
| — Cê corre o risco de ficar mental, irmãozinho. | This is how it begins. |
| Se liga aí. | ’ |
| André começou a caminhar em direção à padaria/bar na esquina da calçada de seu prédio. | André began to walk towards the bar on the corner. |
| — Eu vou tomar um café na padaria pra ver se dá uma clareada nas ideias — André disse. | ‘I’m going to have a coffee and see if I can get my shit together’. |
| — É bom — Afonso comentou. | ‘Good idea’, Afonso replied. |
| — Mas o que é que você tava me dizendo mesmo? | ‘But what were you just saying? |
| — André perguntou ao celular e, dirigindo-se rapidamente ao atendente da padaria, pediu um café preto. | ’, André put his hand over his cell phone and asked the waiter for a black coffee. |
| — Eu tava dizendo que você não pode acreditar que a mulha tá dentro das tuas ideias, irmão, porque se você acreditar nessa porra, fodeu, cê vai estar abrindo a porteira pra doideira se instalar de vez, e com três vias registradas em cartório. | ‘I was saying that the minute you start to actually believe that she’s in your head then you’re already fucked man. |
| André colocou açúcar no café que lhe fora servido num copinho de vidro, mexeu com a colher e tomou um gole. | André’s coffee arrived in a small glass. |
| Estava uma merda. | It was awful. |
| O café daquela padaria era sempre uma merda, uma lama preta com gosto de pentelho queimado, mas era de um café assim que André estava precisando, um café ruim, café tapa na cara, café “sêji ômi”. | But the coffee from this bar was always awful – like black mud with a burnt pubic aftertaste. |
| A situação requeria uma dose de amargor para bloquear a fraqueza mental e forçá-lo a ser forte. | The situation required a bitter distraction to block out his mental fragility and force him to be strong and this was just the kind of coffee he needed: a cup of crap like a slap in the face with an extra dose of ‘harden the fuck up’. |
| — Cê precisa fazer alguma coisa para tirar essa pilha errada do pensamento — Afonso disse. | ‘You gotta do something to get that monkey off your back before it settles in for a ride, man…’, Afonso said. |
| — Tô fazendo — André respondeu, e tomou mais um gole do nauseabundo líquido preto. | ‘I am...’, responded André, chugging down another mouthful of the hideous black liquid. |
| — Fazendo o quê? | ‘Doing what? |
| — Tô bebendo café ruim pra dar um corte na programação mental errada — disse André, e sentiu o olhar de reprovação do tiozinho do outro lado do balcão, que estava servindo um pingado para um sujeito de meia idade com a cara mais envergada do que um arco de berimbau. | ‘Drinking shitty coffee to short circuit this train of thought’, André said, catching a glare from the guy behind the bar who was in that moment serving a short white coffee to a middle aged guy with a face as crooked as a dog’s leg. |
| Do outro lado do salão da padaria, a onipresente televisão regurgitava blablablás. | On the other side of the bar, the television screen blared out its incessant verbal churn of blablablas. |
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