| Law is a system of rules that are enforced through social institutions to govern behaviour. |
Sheria ni mfumo wa kanuni, ambazo zinatekelezwa kwa njia taasisi za kijamii kutawala tabia. |
| Laws can be made by a collective legislature or by a single legislator, resulting in statutes, by the executive through decrees and regulations, or by judges through binding precedent, normally in common law jurisdictions. |
Sheria zinaweza kutungwa na bunge pamoja au kwa mbunge mmoja, na kusababisha amri, kwa mtendaji kupitia amri na kanuni, au kwa majaji kupitia utangulizi kisheria, kwa kawaida katika utawala wa sheria ya kawaida. |
| Private individuals can create legally binding contracts, including arbitration agreements that may elect to accept alternative arbitration to the normal court process. |
Watu binafsi wanaweza kujenga mikataba kisheria, ikiwemo makubaliano usuluhishi ambazo zinaweza kuchagua kukubali usuluhishi mbadala kwa mahakama mchakato wa kawaida. |
| The formation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. |
Malezi wa sheria wenyewe unaweza kuathiriwa na katiba, iliyoandikwa au kimyakimya, na haki zitiwe humo. |
| The law shapes politics, economics, history and society in various ways and serves as a mediator of relations between people. |
Sheria inaunda siasa, uchumi, historia na jamii kwa njia mbalimbali na inaweza kutumika kama mpatanishi wa mahusiano kati ya watu. |
| A general distinction can be made between |
Tofauti ya jumla inaweza kufanywa kati ya:- |
| (a) civil law jurisdictions (including Catholic canon law and socialist law), in which the legislature or other central body codifies and consolidates their laws, and |
(a) sheria ya kiraia mamlaka (pamoja na sheria/ kanuni za kanisa Katoliki na sheria ya ujamaa), ambapo bunge au mashirika mengine ya msingi /makuu yanaratibisha na kuunganisha sheria zao, na |
| (b) common law systems, where judge-made precedent is accepted as binding law. |
(b) mifumo ya kisheria ya kawaida, ambapo hakimu alifanya historia ikubaliwe kama kisheria sheria. |
| Historically, religious laws played a significant role even in settling of secular matters, which is still the case in some religious communities, particularly Jewish, and some countries, particularly Islamic. |
Kihistoria, sheria za kidini zilikuwa na jukumu muhimu hata katika kutuliza mambo ya kawaida, ambacho bado ni kisa katika baadhi za jumuiya za kidini, hasa Wayahudi, na baadhi za nchi, hasa za Kiislamu. |
| Islamic Sharia law is the world's most widely used religious law. |
Sheria ya Kiislamu ya Sharia ni sheria ya dini inayotumika sana na wengi duniani. |
